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Patient Identification – Questions to Ask 1. What is your name? (For record, consent, and communication) 2. How old are you? (Helps assess teenage pregnancy, elderly primigravida risk) 3. What is your address? (To know geographic risks, follow-up feasibility, socioeconomic context) 4. What is your occupation? (To assess workload, toxin exposure, stress) 5. Are you married? • If yes → How long have you been married? • Helps assess infertility duration or risk of early pregnancy. 6. How many times have you been pregnant? (You will convert this to Gravida / Para / Living / Abortions ) 7. When did you come to the hospital today? (For documentation; especially in emergency cases) 8. Do you have your antenatal card/maternity card with you? (Confirms prior ANC & investigations) Optional (often asked in AIIMS/Teaching hospitals): 9. What is your registration number? (Hospital/OPD/IPD file number) 10. Who has accompanied you today? (Checks support system) ⭐ 1. Thre...

🧠 DIFFERENTIALS + 3 MOST COMMON CHIEF COMPLAINTS (Layman’s Words) (Each differential = exactly 3 complaints, short & simple) 1. Schizophrenia “I hear voices talking to me.” “People are plotting against me.” “I don’t feel like doing anything or talking to anyone.” 2. Acute & Transient Psychotic Disorder (ATPD) “Something suddenly happened — I’m seeing things that aren’t real.” “People are after me; I need to run.” “I haven’t slept at all for 2–3 days.” 3. Bipolar Mania “I have too much energy; I don’t feel tired at all.” “I’m talking a lot and my thoughts keep running.” “I feel unusually happy or irritated without reason.” 4. Bipolar Depression “I don’t feel like living or doing anything.” “I feel tired all the time.” “I can’t concentrate on anything.” 5. Major Depressive Disorder “I feel sad all the time.” “I can’t enjoy anything anymore.” “I don’t feel like eating or getting out of bed.” 6. Delirium “He is not recognizing us...

🌡️ Viral Exanthems — Overview Viral exanthems = widespread rashes caused by viral infections , often accompanied by fever, malaise, respiratory or GI symptoms. They are common in pediatrics , but many affect adults too. Below is a structured, easy-to-revise list . 👶 CLASSICAL CHILDHOOD VIRAL EXANTHEMS 1️⃣ Measles (Rubeola) Prodrome: 3 Cs — Cough, Coryza, Conjunctivitis , + photophobia Pathognomonic: Koplik spots (enanthem on buccal mucosa) Rash: Begins at hairline → face → trunk → limbs (cephalocaudal, centrifugal) Brick-red, maculopapular , may become confluent Complication: SSPE, pneumonia 2️⃣ Rubella (German measles) Prodrome: Mild fever Lymphadenopathy: Postauricular + Suboccipital Rash: Pink, maculopapular Fades quickly (within 3 days) Enanthem: Forchheimer spots (soft palate petechiae) 3️⃣ Roseola Infantum (HHV-6/7) Key: High fever → subsides → rash appears Rash: Pink macules, trunk > neck/face Non-pruritic Age: <2 year...